The Name and Early Beginnings
The name "Calape" is derived from the Cebuano word "kalapi," which refers to a type of rattan once abundant in the area. This suggests that early inhabitants were likely involved in the gathering, processing, and trade of this valuable natural resource, widely used for furniture, baskets, and handicrafts. Alternatively, the name is also believed to signify a traditional gathering place for traders and fishermen.
Spanish Colonial Era (1565-1898)
The 16th century brought profound changes with the arrival of the Spanish. The spelling of "Calape" itself reflects this period: while the 'k' sound was inherent in native languages, Spanish orthography (which typically used 'c' or 'qu' for this sound) led to "kalapi" being recorded as "Calape" in official documents. The letter 'K' was not officially adopted in the Filipino alphabet until much later.
- Establishment as a Town: Calape was formally established as a town in 1802 by the Spanish governor of Cebu, signifying its growing population and administrative importance.
- Dagohoy Rebellion Link: In 1829, Calape notably became home to approximately 1,500 followers of the Dagohoy Rebellion, the longest rebellion in Philippine history. This episode underscores Calape's unexpected role in the local resistance against colonial rule.
- San Vicente Ferrer Parish Church: A towering legacy of the Spanish era is the San Vicente Ferrer Parish Church. Though largely built from 1933 to 1954, its 18th-century Gothic-inspired design embodies the profound cultural and religious impact of the Spanish. In 2023, it was fittingly declared a National Cultural Treasure by the National Museum of the Philippines.
American Colonial Period (1898-1946)
Following the Spanish-American War, Calape, along with the rest of the Philippines, came under American administration. This period brought about the establishment of new governance structures, advancements in infrastructure, and the introduction of a more widespread public education system.
- World War II Role: Calape played a significant role during World War II, hosting the Calape Conference on February 27, 1943. This crucial meeting aimed to unify the civilian and military governments of the Free Bohol Government against the Japanese occupation, demonstrating Calape's strategic importance as a base for the resistance movement. Key figures like Senator Carlos P. Garcia were among the attendees.
Post-War and Modern Era
After its liberation from Japanese forces in 1945, Calape embarked on a path of recovery and development. The modern 28-letter Filipino Alphabet, officially established in 1987, finally integrated the letter 'K', reflecting a more inclusive and indigenous orthography for the national language, though the historical spelling of "Calape" itself has remained unchanged.
Today, Calape is a vibrant and essential municipality on Bohol's western coast. It continues to be a hub for local trade and commerce, and its rich historical and cultural heritage is proudly preserved. The iconic San Vicente Ferrer Parish Church stands as a testament to its long and evolving story, while natural attractions, particularly on nearby Pangangan Island, draw visitors to its beautiful waters and beaches.